Van der Waals device integration beyond the limits of van der Waals forces via adhesive matrix transfer. (arXiv:2302.05989v1 [physics.app-ph])

2023-02-14T02:29:40+00:00February 14th, 2023|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , , |

Pristine van der Waals (vdW) interfaces between two-dimensional (2D) and other materials are core to emerging optical and electronic devices. Their direct fabrication is, however, challenged as the vdW forces are weak and cannot be tuned to accommodate integration of arbitrary layers without solvents, sacrificial-layers or high-temperatures, steps that can introduce damage. To address these limitations, we introduce a single-step 2D material-to-device integration approach in which forces promoting transfer are decoupled from the vdW forces at the interface of interest. We use this adhesive matrix transfer to demonstrate conventionally-forbidden direct integration of diverse 2D materials (MoS2, WSe2, PtS2, GaS) with dielectrics (SiO2, Al2O3), and scalable, aligned heterostructure formation, both foundational to device development. We then demonstrate a single-step integration of monolayer-MoS2 into arrays of transistors. With no exposure to polymers or solvents, clean interfaces and pristine surfaces are preserved, which can be further engineered to demonstrate both n- and p-type behavior. Beyond serving as a platform to probe the intrinsic properties of sensitive nanomaterials without the influence of processing steps, our technique allows efficient formation of unconventional device form-factors, with an example of flexible transistors demonstrated.

Published in: "arXiv Material Science".

Can farm and food waste power tomorrow’s airplanes?

2022-06-23T23:08:51+00:00June 23rd, 2022|Categories: Publications|Tags: , |

.news-article__hero–featured .parallax__element{ object-position: 15% 50%; -o-object-position: 15% 50%; } It’s a painful truth for people who fly: Airplanes are climate killers. Air travel is among the most carbon-polluting human activities. A round trip from New York City to London emits nearly 1000 kilograms of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) per passenger, more than an average person in Burundi, Nicaragua, or 47 other countries emits in a year. Annually, airplanes spew some 920 million tons of CO 2 , accounting for roughly 3.5% of all greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. Derek Vardon is hoping a yellowish, foul-smelling liquid will help change that. The fluid is a collection of short, chainlike molecules called volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from decaying food waste, such as chicken primavera and Greek salads. (The same types of molecules give manure its stench.) In a process he and colleagues developed, the VFAs are vaporized, then percolate over a bed of white, marble-size pellets of zirconium oxide, which knit the VFAs into longer chains called ketones. After condensing into a sweet smelling, clear liquid, the ketones are piped to another reactor where gray platinum pellets link them together and strip off oxygen atoms to make kerosene, aka jet fuel. Vardon, a chemist who spent most of the past decade at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), is betting this food-to-fuel process and others that convert different forms of waste “biomass” into fuel represent the future of air travel, and the world’s best hope for dramatically reducing  the  greenhouse gases

Published in: "Science".

Highly Stable and Reactive Platinum Single Atoms on Oxygen Plasma‐Functionalized CeO2 Surfaces: Nanostructuring and Peroxo Effects

2022-03-06T13:07:42+00:00March 6th, 2022|Categories: Publications|Tags: |

Atomically dispersed precious metals on oxide supports have recently become increasingly interesting catalytic materials. Nonetheless, their non-trivial preparation and limited thermal and environmental stability constitutes an issue for their potential applications. Here we demonstrate that an oxygen plasma pre-treatment of the ceria (CeO 2 ) surface serves to anchor Pt single atoms, making them active and resistant towards sintering in the CO oxidation reaction. Through a combination of experimental results obtained on well-defined CeO 2 films and theory, we show that the O 2 plasma causes surface nanostructuring and the formation of surface peroxo (O 2 2- ) species, favoring the uniform and dense distribution of isolated strongly bonded Pt 2+ atoms. The promotional effect of the plasma treatment was further demonstrated on the powder Pt/CeO 2 catalysts. We believe that plasma functionalization can be applied to other metal/oxide systems to achieve tunable and stable catalysts with a high density of active sites.

Published in: "Angewandte Chemie International Edition".

A Ta-TaS2 monolithic catalyst with robust and metallic interface for superior hydrogen evolution. (arXiv:2202.07339v1 [cond-mat.mtrl-sci])

2022-02-16T02:29:20+00:00February 16th, 2022|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , |

The use of highly active and robust catalysts is crucial for producing green hydrogen by water electrolysis as we strive to achieve global carbon neutrality. Noble metals like platinum are currently used in industry for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), but suffer from scarcity, high price and unsatisfied performance and stability at large current density, restricting their large scale implementations. Here we report the synthesis of a new type of monolithic catalyst (MC) consisting of a metal disulfide (e.g., TaS2) catalyst vertically bonded to a conductive substrate of the same metal by strong covalent bonds. These features give the MC a mechanically robust and electrically near zero resistance interface, leading to an outstanding HER performance including rapid charge transfer and excellent durability, together with a low overpotential of 398 mV to achieve a current density of 2,000 mA cm-2 as required by industry. The Ta TaS2 MC has a negligible performance decay after 200 h operation at large current densities. In light of its unique interface and the various choice of metal elements giving the same structure, such monolithic materials may have broad uses besides catalysis.

Published in: "arXiv Material Science".

Mechanism of Spin-Orbit Torques in Platinum Oxide Systems. (arXiv:2112.07034v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall])

2021-12-15T02:29:15+00:00December 15th, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , |

Spin-Orbit Torque (SOT) Magnetic Random-Access Memories (MRAM) have shown promising results towards the realization of fast, non-volatile memory systems. Oxidation of the heavy-metal (HM) layer of the SOT-MRAM has been proposed as a method to increase its energy efficiency. But the results are widely divergent due to the difficulty in controlling the HM oxidation because of its low enthalpy of formation. Here, we reconcile these differences by performing a gradual oxidation procedure, which allows correlating the chemical structure to the physical properties of the stack. As an HM layer, we chose Pt because of the strong SOT and the low enthalpy of formation of its oxides. We find evidence of an oxide inversion layer at the FM/HM interface: the oxygen is drawn into the FM, while the HM remains metallic near the interface. We further demonstrate that the oxygen migrates in the volume of the FM layer rather than being concentrated at the interface. Consequently, we find that the intrinsic magnitude of the SOT is unchanged compared to the fully metallic structure. The previously reported apparent increase of SOTs is not intrinsic to platinum oxide and instead arises from systemic changes produced by oxidation.

Published in: "arXiv Material Science".

Moire flat bands in twisted 2D hexagonal vdW material. (arXiv:2110.07962v1 [cond-mat.mtrl-sci])

2021-10-18T02:29:24+00:00October 18th, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , , |

Moire superlattices in twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) and its derived structures can host exotic correlated quantum phenomena because the narrow moire flat minibands in those systems effectively enhance the electron-electron interaction. Correlated phenomena are also observed in 2H-transitional metal dichalcogenides moire superlattices. However, the number of moire systems that have been explored in experiments are still very limited. Here we theoretically investigate a series of two-dimensional (2D) twisted bilayer hexagonal materials (TBHMs) beyond TBG at fixed angles of 7.34 and 67.34 degree with 22 2D van der Waals (vdW) layered materials that are commonly studied in experiments. First-principles calculations are employed to systemically study the moire minibands in these systems. We find that flat bands with narrow bandwidth generally exist in these systems. Some of the systems such as twisted bilayer In2Se3, InSe, GaSe, GaS and PtS2 even host ultra-flat bands with bandwidth less than 20 meV even for such large angles, which make them especially appealing for further experimental investigations. We further analysis the characters of moire flat bands and provides guidance for further exploration of 2D moire superlattices that could host strong electron correlations.

Published in: "arXiv Material Science".

Platinum Disulfide (PtS2) and Silicon Pyramids: Efficient 2D/3D Heterojunctions Tunneling and Breakdown Diodes. (arXiv:2110.04952v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall])

2021-10-12T04:30:28+00:00October 12th, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: |

The p-n junction constructed from the group-10 TMDCs, or namely, transition metal dichalcogenides with an intrinsic layered structure, is not considerably reported. This study presents a mechanical exfoliation-based technique to prepare PtS2 pyramids Si p-n junctions for an investigation of the tunneling and breakdown diodes. the demonstrated p-n diode exhibited a high rectifying performance reaching a rectification ration (If/Ir) to 7.2 *10^4 at zero gate bias with an ideality factor of 1.5. The zener tunneling was observed at a low reverse bias region of breakdown voltage (from -6 to -1V) at various temperatures (50 to 300K) and it was a negative coefficient of temperature. Conversely, for the greater breakdown voltage regime (-15 to -11 V), the breakdown voltage increased with the increased temperature (150 to 300 K), indicating a positive coefficient of temperature. Therefore, this phenomenon was attributed to the avalanche breakdown. The p-n junctions displayed photovoltaic characteristics under the illumination of visible light (500 nm), such as high responsivity (Rph) and photo gain (G) of 11.88 A/W, and 67.10, respectively. The maximum values for both the open-circuit voltage (VOC) and the short-circuit current (ISC) were observed to be 4.5 V, and 10 uA, respectively, at an input intensity of light 70.32 mW/cm2. The outcome of this study suggest PtS2/pyramids Si p-n junctions may be employed in numerous optoelectronics including photovoltaic cells, Zener tunneling diodes, avalanche breakdown diodes and photodetectors.

Published : "arXiv Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics".

Synthesis and characterisation of thin-film platinum disulfide and platinum sulfide. (arXiv:2104.00061v1 [cond-mat.mtrl-sci])

2021-04-02T02:29:19+00:00April 2nd, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: |

Group-10 transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are rising in prominence within the highly innovative field of 2D materials. While PtS2 has been investigated for potential electronic applications, due to its high charge-carrier mobility and strong layer-dependent bandgap, it has proven to be one of the more difficult TMDs to synthesise. In contrast to most TMDs, Pt has a significantly more stable monosulfide, the non-layered PtS. The existence of two stable platinum sulfides, sometimes within the same sample, has resulted in much confusion between the materials in the literature. Neither of these Pt sulfides have been thoroughly characterised as-of-yet. Here we utilise time-efficient, scalable methods to synthesise high-quality thin films of both Pt sulfides on a variety of substrates. The competing nature of the sulfides and limited thermal stability of these materials is demonstrated. We report peak-fitted X-ray photoelectron spectra, and Raman spectra using a variety of laser wavelengths, for both materials. This systematic characterisation provides a guide to differentiate between the sulfides using relatively simple methods which is essential to enable future work on these interesting materials.

Published in: "arXiv Material Science".

A Noble Metal Dichalcogenide for High‐Performance Field‐Effect Transistors and Broadband Photodetectors

2019-11-15T02:33:24+00:00November 15th, 2019|Categories: Publications|Tags: |

PtS2 has exhibited a huge promise for electronics and infrared photodetectors. Few‐layer PtS2 field‐effect transistors exhibit excellent electronic mobility exceeding 62.5 cm2 V−1 s−1 and ultrahigh on‐off ratio over 106 at room temperature. 2D PtS2 photodetectors with broadband photodetection from visible to mid‐infrared and a fast photoresponse time of 175 µs at 830 nm illumination are obtained at room temperature. Abstract 2D layered materials are an emerging class of low‐dimensional materials with unique physical and structural properties and extensive applications from novel nanoelectronics to multifunctional optoelectronics. However, the widely investigated 2D materials are strongly limited in high‐performance electronics and ultrabroadband photodetectors by their intrinsic weaknesses. Exploring the new and narrow bandgap 2D materials is very imminent and fundamental. A narrow‐bandgap noble metal dichalcogenide (PtS2) is demonstrated in this study. The few‐layer PtS2 field‐effect transistor exhibits excellent electronic mobility exceeding 62.5 cm2 V−1 s−1 and ultrahigh on/off ratio over 106 at room temperature. The temperature‐dependent conductance and mobility of few‐layer PtS2 transistors show a direct metal‐to‐insulator transition and carrier scattering mechanisms, respectively. Remarkably, 2D PtS2 photodetectors with broadband photodetection from visible to mid‐infrared and a fast photoresponse time of 175 µs at 830 nm illumination for the first time are obtained at room temperature. Our work opens an avenue for 2D noble‐metal dichalcogenides to be applied in high‐performance electronic and mid‐infrared optoelectronic devices.

Published in: "Advanced Functional Materials".

A Facile and Sensitive Electrochemical Analysis Based on Flower-Like Nanocomposite Supported Teicoplanin as the Recognition Element for Tyrosine Enantiomers

2019-08-16T14:33:42+00:00August 16th, 2019|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , |

A facile and sensitive chiral analysis for the recognition of tyrosine (Tyr) enantiomers has been designed based on teicoplanin (Tei) and a flower-like nanocomposite which consisted of copper-platinum core-shell microspheres and single-walled carbon nanotubes-molybdenum disulfide (Cu@Pt/SWCTNs-MoS2). The flower-like nanocomposite was employed to improve the immobilization of the chiral selector Tei and the electrochemical performance. The nanocomposite was characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), Raman spectrum, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), water contact angles and electrochemical methods. The interaction between Tyr enantiomers and the Tei/Cu@Pt/SWCTNs-MoS2 chiral interface was determined via differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The results exhibited enantioselective interaction between the modified electrodes and Tyr enantiomers, and a stronger interaction was obtained from L-Tyr than D-Tyr. The DPV responses were linearly dependent with concentration in the range of 10.0 μmol·L–1 to 5.0 mmol·L–1, and the limits of detection were 3.2 μmol·L–1 and 4.7 μmol·L–1 for L-Try and D-Tyr (at S/N = 3), respectively. The simple and cost-effective method opens up a new channel for the application of macrocyclic antibiotics.

Published in: "Journal of the Electrochemical Society".

Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics and Bandgap Renormalization in Layered PtSe2

2019-07-06T09:26:10+00:00July 6th, 2019|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , , |

Transition of transient carrier dynamics from semimetal to semiconductor is observed in 2D platinum diselenide (PtSe2) films by ultrafast spectroscopy. Thickness‐dependent bandgap renormalization, transient absorption as well as carrier‐relaxation lifetimes are determined. An ultrafast (a few picoseconds) and strong (larger than MoSe2 and WS2) saturable absorption response makes PtSe2 a promising material for mid‐infrared optical devices. Abstract Carrier interactions in 2D nanostructures are of central importance not only in condensed‐matter physics but also for a wide range of optoelectronic and photonic applications. Here, new insights into the behavior of photoinduced carriers in layered platinum diselenide (PtSe2) through ultrafast time‐resolved pump–probe and nonlinear optical measurements are presented. The measurements reveal the temporal evolution of carrier relaxation, chemical potential and bandgap renormalization in PtSe2. These results imply that few‐layer PtSe2 has a semiconductor‐like carrier relaxation instead of a metal‐like one. The relaxation follows a triple‐exponential decay process and exhibits thickness‐dependent relaxation times. This occurs along with a band‐filling effect, which can be controlled based on the number of layers and may be applied in saturable absorption for generating ultrafast laser pulses. The findings may provide means to study many‐body physics in 2D materials as well as potentially leading to applications in the field of optoelectronics and ultrafast photonics.

Published in: "Small".

Discovering the forbidden Raman modes at the edges of layered materials

2018-12-14T20:36:54+00:00December 14th, 2018|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , , , |

The edges of layered materials have unique properties that substantially differ from the body regions. In this work, we perform a systematic Raman study of the edges of various layered materials (MoS2, WS2, WSe2, PtS2, and black phosphorus). The Raman spectra of the edges feature newly observed forbidden Raman modes,

Published in: "Science Advances".

Wafer-scale fabrication of 2D van der Waals heterojunctions for efficient and broadband photodetection. (arXiv:1803.04695v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall])

2018-03-14T19:59:00+00:00March 14th, 2018|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , , |

A variety of fabrication methods for van der Waals heterostructures have been demonstrated; however, their wafer-scale deposition remains a challenge. Here we report few-layer van der Waals PtS2/PtSe2 heterojunction photodiodes fabricated on a 2″ SiO2/Si substrate that is only limited by the size of work chamber of the growth equipment, offering throughputs necessary for practical applications. Theoretical simulation results show that the bandgap of PtS2 is shrunk to half of its original size in the PtS2/PtSe2 heterostructures, while PtSe2 exhibits a limited response to the coupling. Both PtSe2 and PtS2 layers in the coupled system are still semiconductors. Dynamic photovoltaic switching in the heterojunctions is observed at zero-volt state under laser illuminations of 532 to 2200 nm wavelengths. The PtS2/PtSe2 photodiodes show excellent characteristics in terms of a high photoresponsivity of 361 mAW-1, an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 84%, and a fast response speed (66 ms). The wafer-scale production of 2D photodiodes in this work accelerates the possibility of 2D materials for practical applications in the next-generation energy-efficient electronics.

Published : "arXiv Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics".

Fast, Self-Driven, Air-Stable, and Broadband Photodetector Based on Vertically Aligned PtSe2/GaAs Heterojunction

2018-02-16T08:28:42+00:00February 16th, 2018|Categories: Publications|Tags: , |

Abstract Group-10 layered transitional metal dichalcogenides including PtS2, PtSe2, and PtTe2 are excellent potential candidates for optoelectronic devices due to their unique properties such as high carrier mobility, tunable bandgap, stability, and flexibility. Large-area platinum diselenide (PtSe2) with semiconducting characteristics is far scarcely investigated. Here, the development of a high-performance photodetector based on vertically aligned PtSe2-GaAs heterojunction which exhibits a broadband sensitivity from deep ultraviolet to near-infrared light, with peak sensitivity from 650 to 810 nm, is reported. The Ilight/Idark ratio and responsivity of photodetector are 3 × 104 and 262 mA W−1 measured at 808 nm under zero bias voltage. The response speed of τr/τf is 5.5/6.5 µs, which represents the best result achieved for Group-10 TMDs based optoelectronic device thus far. According to first-principle density functional theory, the broad photoresponse ranging from visible to near-infrared region is associated with the semiconducting characteristics of PtSe2 which has interstitial Se atoms within the PtSe2 layers. It is also revealed that the PtSe2/GaAs photodetector does not exhibit performance degradation after six weeks in air. The generality of the above good results suggests that the vertically aligned PtSe2 is an ideal material for high-performance optoelectronic systems in the future. This work shows the large-area growth of high-quality vertically aligned PtSe2, and its application to photodetectors based on PtSe2-GaAs heterojunctions which exhibit a broadband sensitivity to illumination ranging from deep ultraviolet to near-infrared light, with a peak sensitivity in the region from 650 to 810 nm. The high-performance broadband photodetector will develop the

Published in: "Advanced Functional Materials".

Nitrogen-Doped Single Graphene Fiber with Platinum Water Dissociation Catalyst for Wearable Humidity Sensor

2018-02-14T16:32:51+00:00February 14th, 2018|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , |

Abstract Humidity sensors are essential components in wearable electronics for monitoring of environmental condition and physical state. In this work, a unique humidity sensing layer composed of nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (nRGO) fiber on colorless polyimide film is proposed. Ultralong graphene oxide (GO) fibers are synthesized by solution assembly of large GO sheets assisted by lyotropic liquid crystal behavior. Chemical modification by nitrogen-doping is carried out under thermal annealing in H2(4%)/N2(96%) ambient to obtain highly conductive nRGO fiber. Very small (≈2 nm) Pt nanoparticles are tightly anchored on the surface of the nRGO fiber as water dissociation catalysts by an optical sintering process. As a result, nRGO fiber can effectively detect wide humidity levels in the range of 6.1–66.4% relative humidity (RH). Furthermore, a 1.36-fold higher sensitivity (4.51%) at 66.4% RH is achieved using a Pt functionalized nRGO fiber (i.e., Pt-nRGO fiber) compared with the sensitivity (3.53% at 66.4% RH) of pure nRGO fiber. Real-time and portable humidity sensing characteristics are successfully demonstrated toward exhaled breath using Pt-nRGO fiber integrated on a portable sensing module. The Pt-nRGO fiber with high sensitivity and wide range of humidity detection levels offers a new sensing platform for wearable humidity sensors. Nitrogen-doped graphene fiber functionalized by Pt nanoparticles (Pt-nRGO fiber) is integrated on a flexible and transparent polyimide substrate for application in real-time and on-site monitoring of humidity. This work demonstrates the humidity sensing characteristic of Pt-nRGO fiber, which further expands versatility of graphene-based fiber in wearable sensing electronics.

Published in: "Small".

Pt decorated MoS 2 nanoflakes for ultrasensitive resistive humidity sensor

2018-02-06T16:30:40+00:00February 6th, 2018|Categories: Publications|Tags: , |

In this work, we report the fabrication of a low power, humidity sensor where platinum nanoparticles (NPs) decorated few-layered molybdenum disulphide (MoS 2 ) nanoflakes have been used as the sensing layer. A mixed solvent was used to exfoliate the nanoflakes from the bulk powder. Then the Pt/MoS 2 composites were prepared by reducing Pt NPs from chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate using a novel reduction technique using sulphide salt. The successful reduction and composite preparation were confirmed using various material characterization tools like scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and UV–visible spectroscopy. The humidity sensors were prepared by drop-coating the Pt-decorated MoS 2 on gold interdigitated electrodes and then exposed to various levels of relative humidity (RH). Composites with different weight ratios of Pt were…

Published in: "Nanotechnology".

Architecting Graphene Oxide Rolled-Up Micromotors: A Simple Paper-Based Manufacturing Technology

2017-11-24T12:31:24+00:00November 24th, 2017|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , |

Abstract A graphene oxide rolled-up tube production process is reported using wax-printed membranes for the fabrication of on-demand engineered micromotors at different levels of oxidation, thickness, and lateral dimensions. The resultant graphene oxide rolled-up tubes can show magnetic and catalytic movement within the addition of magnetic nanoparticles or sputtered platinum in the surface of graphene-oxide-modified wax-printed membranes prior to the scrolling process. As a proof of concept, the as-prepared catalytic graphene oxide rolled-up micromotors are successfully exploited for oil removal from water. This micromotor production technology relies on an easy, operator-friendly, fast, and cost-efficient wax-printed paper-based method and may offer a myriad of hybrid devices and applications. A graphene oxide rolled-up tube production process is presented using wax-printed membranes for the fabrication of micromotors. The resultant graphene oxide rolled-up tubes show magnetic and catalytic movement within the addition of magnetic nanoparticles or sputtered platinum in the surface of graphene oxide before the scrolling process. These micromotors are successfully exploited for oil removal from water.

Published in: "Small".

Robust quasi-ohmic contact against angle rotation in noble transition-metal-dichalcogenide/graphene heterobilayers

2017-09-26T14:28:54+00:00September 26th, 2017|Categories: Publications|Tags: , |

RSC Adv., 2017, 7,45896-45901DOI: 10.1039/C7RA09945B, Paper Open Access &nbsp This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence.Siyao Hou, Lihong Han, Liyuan Wu, Ruge Quhe, Pengfei LuSmall Schottky barriers appear in PtS2/graphene and PdS2/graphene against interlayer rotation angles.The content of

Published in: "RSC Advances".

Electrochemistry: Development and Simulation of Sulfur-doped Graphene Supported Platinum with Exemplary Stability and Activity Towards Oxygen Reduction (Adv. Funct. Mater. 27/2014)

2016-10-15T13:08:39+00:00July 14th, 2014|Categories: Publications|Tags: , |

By Drew Higgins, Md Ariful Hoque, Min Ho Seo, Rongyue Wang, Fathy Hassan, Ja-Yeon Choi, Mark Pritzker, Aiping Yu, Jiujun Zhang, Zhongwei Chen

Thumbnail image of graphical abstract

Unique sulfur-doped graphene-supported platinum nanoparticles prepared by Z. Chen and co-workers provide excellent oxygen reduction activity and stability, rendering them highly attractive electrode materials for fuel cell applications. On page 4325, the enhancements arise due to specific interactions between the sulfur dopant atoms and the platinum nanoparticles, leading to a “tethering” effect that increases the stability and modulates the electronic properties that improve the activity.

…read more

Via: Advanced Functional Materials

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