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Enhanced trion emission in monolayer MoSe2 by constructing a type-I van der Waals heterostructure. (arXiv:2107.12128v1 [cond-mat.mtrl-sci])

2021-07-27T02:29:29+00:00July 27th, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , |

Trions, quasi-particles consisting of two electrons combined with one hole or of two holes with one electron, have recently been observed in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and drawn increasing attention due to potential applications of these materials in light-emitting diodes, valleytronic devices as well as for being a testbed for understanding many-body phenomena. Therefore, it is important to enhance the trion emission and its stability. In this study, we construct a MoSe2/FePS3 van der Waals heterostructure (vdWH) with type-I band alignment, which allows for carriers injection from FePS3 to MoSe2. At low temperatures, the neutral exciton (X0) emission in this vdWH is almost completely suppressed. The ITrion/Ix0 intensity ratio increases from 0.44 in a single MoSe2 monolayer to 20 in this heterostructure with the trion charging state changing from negative in the monolayer to positive in the heterostructure. The optical pumping with circularly polarized light shows a 14% polarization for the trion emission in MoSe2/FePS3. Moreover, forming such type-I vdWH also gives rise to a 20-fold enhancement of the room temperature photoluminescence from monolayer MoSe2. Our results demonstrate a novel approach to convert excitons to trions in monolayer 2D TMDCs via interlayer doping effect using type-I band alignment in vdWH.

Published in: "arXiv Material Science".

Electron-Phonon Coupling, Thermal Expansion Coefficient, Resonance Effect and Phonon Dynamics in High Quality CVD Grown Mono and Bilayer MoSe2. (arXiv:2107.07790v1 [cond-mat.mtrl-sci])

2021-07-19T02:29:47+00:00July 19th, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , |

Probing phonons, quasi-particle excitations and their coupling has enriched our understanding of these 2D materials and proved to be crucial for developing their potential applications. Here, we report comprehensive temperature, 4-330 K, and polarization-dependent Raman measurements on mono and bilayer MoSe2. Phonon’s modes up to fourth-order are observed including forbidden Raman and IR modes, understood considering Frohlich mechanism of exciton-phonon coupling. Most notably, anomalous variations in the phonon linewidths with temperature pointed at the significant role of electron-phonon coupling in these systems, especially for the out-of-plane (A1g) and shear mode (E22g), which is found to be more prominent in the narrow-gaped bilayer than the large gapped monolayer. Via polarization-dependent measurements, we deciphered the ambiguity in symmetry assignments, especially to the peaks around ~ 170 cm-1 and ~ 350 cm-1. Temperature-dependent thermal expansion coefficient, an important parameter for the device performance, is carefully extracted for both mono and bilayer by monitoring the temperature-dependence of the real-part of the phonon self-energy parameter. Our temperature-dependent in-depth Raman studies provide a pave for uncovering the deeper role of phonons in these 2D layered materials from a fundamental as well as application point of view.

Published in: "arXiv Material Science".

Directly Visualizing the Crossover from Incoherent to Coherent Phonons in Two-dimensional Periodic MoS2/MoSe2 Arrayed Heterostructure. (arXiv:2106.01220v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall])

2021-06-03T02:29:15+00:00June 3rd, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , , |

Recently, massive efforts have been done on controlling thermal transport via coherent phonons in the various periodic nanostructures. However, the intrinsic lattice difference between the constituent materials inevitably generates the disorder at the interfaces, thus limiting the opportunity of directly observing the coherent phonon transport. Here, we investigate the controllability and visualization of the coherent phonon transport in a periodic MoS2/MoSe2 arrayed heterostructure with minimum lattice mismatching using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation. It is found that the coherent phonon transport can be destroyed and rebuilt through adjusting the density of MoSe2 nanodot arrays. The phonon localization induced by the destruction of correlation is visualized based on the spatial energy distribution and anharmonic analysis. Furthermore, the eigen vector diagrams provide a distinct visualization of the localized phonon modes. Besides, the correlation of phonon can be rebuilt by reducing the period length, which is verified by the enhanced group velocities extracted from phonon dispersion curves. Interestingly, the crossover from incoherent to coherent phonon transport is directly observed by the spatial energy distributions and the spectral phonon transmission coefficients. Finally, the size and temperature dependence of thermal conductivity are also discussed. This study of the phonon coherence and its visualizing manipulation on thermal conductivity will be beneficial to fine heat control and management in the real applications.

Published in: "arXiv Material Science".

Phonons in MoSe2/WSe2 van der Waals heterobilayer. (arXiv:2105.11370v1 [cond-mat.mtrl-sci])

2021-05-25T02:29:22+00:00May 25th, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , |

We report first-principles calculations of the structural and vibrational properties of the synthesized two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures formed by single-layers dichalcogenides MoSe2 and WSe2. We show that, when combining these systems in a periodic two-dimensional heterostructures, the intrinsic phonon characteristics of the free-standing constituents are to a large extent preserved but, furthermore, exhibit shear and breathing phonon modes that are not present in the individual building blocks. These peculiar modes depend strongly on the weak vdW forces and has a great contibution to the thermal properties of the layered materials. Besides these features, the departure of flexural modes of heterobilayer from the ones of its monolayer parents are also found.

Published in: "arXiv Material Science".

Imaging Seebeck drift of excitons and trions in MoSe2 monolayers. (arXiv:2105.09617v1 [cond-mat.mtrl-sci])

2021-05-21T02:29:47+00:00May 21st, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , , |

Hyperspectral imaging at cryogenic temperatures is used to investigate exciton and trion propagation in MoSe$_2$ monolayers encapsulated with hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). Under a tightly focused, continuous-wave laser excitation, the spatial distribution of neutral excitons and charged trions strongly differ at high excitation densities. Remarkably, in this regime the trion distribution develops a halo shape, similar to that previously observed in WS2 monolayers at room temperature and under pulsed excitation. In contrast, the exciton distribution only presents a moderate broadening without the appereance of a halo. Spatially and spectrally resolved luminescence spectra reveal the buildup of a significant temperature gradient at high excitation power, that is attributed to the energy relaxation of photoinduced hot carriers. We show, via a numerical resolution of the transport equations for excitons and trions, that the halo can be interpreted as thermal drift of trions due to a Seebeck term in the particle current. The model shows that the difference between trion and exciton profiles is simply understood in terms of the very different lifetimes of these two quasiparticles.

Published in: "arXiv Material Science".

Manipulating Hubbard-type Coulomb blockade effect of metallic wires embedded in an insulator. (arXiv:2104.08577v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall])

2021-04-20T04:30:24+00:00April 20th, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , |

Correlated states emerge in low-dimensional systems owing to enhanced Coulomb interactions. Elucidating these states requires atomic scale characterization and delicate control capabilities. In this study, spectroscopic imaging-scanning tunneling microscopy was employed to investigate the correlated states residing in the one-dimensional electrons of the monolayer and bilayer MoSe2 mirror twin boundary (MTB). The Coulomb energies, determined by the wire length, drive the MTB into two types of ground states with distinct respective out-of-phase and in-phase charge orders. The two ground states can be reversibly converted through a metastable zero-energy state with in situ voltage pulses, which tunes the electron filling of the MTB via a polaronic process, as substantiated by first-principles calculations. Our modified Hubbard model reveals the ground states as correlated insulators from an on-site U-originated Coulomb interaction, dubbed Hubbard-type Coulomb blockade effect. Our work sets a foundation for understanding correlated physics in complex systems and for tailoring quantum states for nano-electronics applications.

Published : "arXiv Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics".

Insights into hyperbolic phonon polaritons in hBN using Raman scattering from encapsulated transition metal dichalcogenide layers. (arXiv:2104.00393v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall])

2021-04-02T04:30:36+00:00April 2nd, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , |

New techniques for probing hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPP) in 2D materials will support the development of the emerging technologies in this field. Previous reports have shown that it is possible for WSe2 monolayers in contact with the hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) to generate HPP in the hBN via Raman scattering. In this paper, we set out new results on HPP Raman scattering induced in hBN by WSe2 and MoSe2 monolayers including new resonances at which the Raman scattering is enhanced. Analysis of the observed Raman lineshapes demonstrates that Raman scattering allows HPP with wavevectors with magnitudes significantly in excess of 15000 cm-1 to be probed. We present evidence that the Raman scattering can probe HPP with frequencies less than the expected lower bound on the Reststrahlen band suggesting new HPP physics still waits to be discovered.

Published : "arXiv Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics".

Evidence of high-temperature exciton condensation in 2D atomic double layers. (arXiv:2103.16407v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall])

2021-03-31T04:30:20+00:00March 31st, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , |

A Bose-Einstein condensate is the ground state of a dilute gas of bosons, such as atoms cooled to temperatures close to absolute zero. With much smaller mass, excitons (bound electron-hole pairs) are expected to condense at significantly higher temperatures. Here we study electrically generated interlayer excitons in MoSe2/WSe2 atomic double layers with density up to 10^12 cm-2. The interlayer tunneling current depends only on exciton density, indicative of correlated electron-hole pair tunneling. Strong electroluminescence (EL) arises when a hole tunnels from WSe2 to recombine with electron in MoSe2. We observe a critical threshold dependence of the EL intensity on exciton density, accompanied by a super-Poissonian photon statistics near threshold, and a large EL enhancement peaked narrowly at equal electron-hole densities. The phenomenon persists above 100 K, which is consistent with the predicted critical condensation temperature. Our study provides compelling evidence for interlayer exciton condensation in two-dimensional atomic double layers and opens up exciting opportunities for exploring condensate-based optoelectronics and exciton-mediated high-temperature superconductivity.

Published : "arXiv Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics".

Enhanced Light-Matter Interaction in Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides. (arXiv:2103.11064v1 [physics.optics])

2021-03-23T04:30:28+00:00March 23rd, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , , , |

Two dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) materials, such as MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, and WSe2, have received extensive attention in the past decade due to their extraordinary physical properties. The unique properties make them become ideal materials for various electronic, photonic and optoelectronic devices. However, their performance is limited by the relatively weak light-matter interactions due to their atomically thin form factor. Resonant nanophotonic structures provide a viable way to address this issue and enhance light-matter interactions in 2D TMDCs. Here, we provide an overview of this research area, showcasing relevant applications, including exotic light emission, absorption and scattering features. We start by overviewing the concept of excitons in 1L-TMDC and the fundamental theory of cavity-enhanced emission, followed by a discussion on the recent progress of enhanced light emission, strong coupling and valleytronics. The atomically thin nature of 1L-TMDC enables a broad range of ways to tune its electric and optical properties. Thus, we continue by reviewing advances in TMDC-based tunable photonic devices. Next, we survey the recent progress in enhanced light absorption over narrow and broad bandwidths using 1L or few-layer TMDCs, and their applications for photovoltaics and photodetectors. We also review recent efforts of engineering light scattering, e.g., inducing Fano resonances, wavefront engineering in 1L or few-layer TMDCs by either integrating resonant structures, such as plasmonic/Mie resonant metasurfaces, or directly patterning monolayer/few layers TMDCs. We then overview the intriguing physical properties of different types of van der Waals heterostructures, and their applications in optoelectronic and photonic devices. Finally,

Published : "arXiv Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics".

Tunable exciton-optomechanical coupling in suspended monolayer MoSe2. (arXiv:2103.09897v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall])

2021-03-19T04:30:34+00:00March 19th, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: |

The strong excitonic effect in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) semiconductors has enabled many fascinating light-matter interaction phenomena. Examples include strongly coupled exciton-polaritons and nearly perfect atomic monolayer mirrors. The strong light-matter interaction also opens the door for dynamical control of mechanical motion through the exciton resonance of monolayer TMDs. Here we report the observation of exciton-optomechanical coupling in a suspended monolayer MoSe2 mechanical resonator. By moderate optical pumping near the MoSe2 exciton resonance, we have observed optical damping and anti-damping of mechanical vibrations as well as the optical spring effect. The exciton-optomechanical coupling strength is also gate-tunable. Our observations can be understood in a model based on photothermal backaction and gate-induced mirror symmetry breaking in the device structure. The observation of gate-tunable exciton-optomechanical coupling in a monolayer semiconductor may find applications in nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) and in exciton-optomechanics.

Published : "arXiv Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics".

Excited Rydberg States in TMD Heterostructures. (arXiv:2103.09004v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall])

2021-03-17T04:30:27+00:00March 17th, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , , |

The functional form of Coulomb interactions in the transition metal dichalcogenides and other van der Waals solids is critical to many of their unique properties, e.g. strongly-correlated electron states, superconductivity and emergent ferromagnetism. This paper presents measurements of key excitonic energy levels in MoSe2/WSe2 heterostructures. These measurements are obtained from resonance Raman experiments on specific Raman peaks only observed at excited states of the excitons. This data is used to validate a model of the Coulomb potential in these structures which predicts the exciton energies to within ~5 meV / 2.5%. This model is used to determine the effect of heterostructure formation on the single-particle band gaps of the layers and will have a wide applicability in designing the next generation of more complex transition metal dichalcogenide structures.

Published : "arXiv Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics".

Nanoscale trapping of interlayer excitons in a 2D semiconductor heterostructure. (arXiv:2103.08838v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall])

2021-03-17T04:30:24+00:00March 17th, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , , , |

For quantum information applications utilizing single excitons and spins, the deterministic placement and control of a single optically driven quantum dot is a long standing goal. MoSe2-WSe2 heterostructures host spatially indirect interlayer excitons (IXs) which exhibit significantly longer lifetimes than monolayer excitons and unique spin-valley physics, making them promising candidates for quantum information applications. Previous IX trapping approaches involving moir’e superlattices and nanopillars do not meet the requirements for deterministic placement, nanoscale confinement, and energy tunability. Here, we use a nanopatterned graphene gate to create a sharply varying electric field in close proximity to a MoSe2-WSe2 heterostructure. The interaction between the permanent dipole moment of the IX and the electric field creates a deterministically placed, ~20 nm wide trap for the IXs. The trapped IXs show the predicted electric field dependent energy, saturation at low excitation power, and increased lifetime, all signatures of strong spatial confinement. Our architecture can realize deterministic trapping of single IXs, which has broad applications to on-chip scalable quantum information processing based on IX quantum dots.

Published : "arXiv Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics".

Pressure-enhanced interlayer exciton in WS2/MoSe2 van der Waals heterostructure. (arXiv:2103.08369v1 [cond-mat.str-el])

2021-03-16T02:29:21+00:00March 16th, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , |

The atomic-level vdW heterostructures have been one of the most interesting quantum material systems, due to their exotic physical properties. The interlayer coupling in these systems plays a critical role to realize novel physical observation and enrich interface functionality. However, there is still lack of investigation on the tuning of interlayer coupling in a quantitative way. A prospective strategy to tune the interlayer coupling is to change the electronic structure and interlayer distance by high pressure, which is a well-established method to tune the physical properties. Here, we construct a high-quality WS2/MoSe2 heterostructure in a DAC and successfully tuned the interlayer coupling through hydrostatic pressure. Typical photoluminescence spectra of the monolayer MoSe2 (ML-MoSe2), monolayer WS2 (ML-WS2) and WS2/MoSe2 heterostructure have been observed and it’s intriguing that their photoluminescence peaks shift with respect to applied pressure in a quite different way. The intralayer exciton of ML-MoSe2 and ML-WS2 show blue shift under high pressure with a coefficient of 19.8 meV/GPa and 9.3 meV/GPa, respectively, while their interlayer exciton shows relative weak pressure dependence with a coefficient of 3.4 meV/GPa. Meanwhile, external pressure helps to drive stronger interlayer interaction and results in a higher ratio of interlayer/intralayer exciton intensity, indicating the enhanced interlayer exciton behavior. The first-principles calculation reveals the stronger interlayer interaction which leads to enhanced interlayer exciton behavior in WS2/MoSe2 heterostructure under external pressure and reveals the robust peak of interlayer exciton. This work provides an effective strategy to study the interlayer interaction in vdW heterostructures, which could be of

Published in: "arXiv Material Science".

Optical Emission from Light-like and Particle-like Excitons in Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides. (arXiv:2102.12215v1 [cond-mat.mtrl-sci])

2021-02-25T02:30:21+00:00February 25th, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , , |

Several monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are direct band gap semiconductors and potentially efficient emitters in light emitting devices. Photons are emitted when strongly bound excitons decay radiatively, and accurate models of such excitons are important for a full understanding of the emission. Importantly, photons are emitted in directions uniquely determined by the exciton center of mass momentum and with lifetimes determined by the exciton transition matrix element. The exciton band structures of two-dimensional hexagonal materials, including TMDs, are highly unusual with coexisting particle- and light-like bands. The latter is non-analytic with emission selection rules essentially opposite to the particle-like states, but has been ignored in analyses of TMD light emission so far. In the present work, we analyse the temperature and angular dependence of light emission from both exciton species and point out several important consequences of the unique exciton band structure. Within a first-principles Density-Functional-Theory+Bethe-Salpeter-Equation framework, we compute exciton band structures and optical matrix elements for the important TMDs MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, and WSe2. At low temperature, only the particle-like band is populated and our results agree with previous work. However, at slightly elevated temperatures, a significant population of the light-like band leads to modified angular emission patterns and lifetimes. Clear experimental fingerprints are predicted and explained by a simple four-state model incorporating spin-orbit as well as intervalley exchange coupling.

Published in: "arXiv Material Science".

Charge-order-enhanced capacitance in semiconductor moir’e superlattices. (arXiv:2102.10823v1 [cond-mat.str-el])

2021-02-23T04:30:45+00:00February 23rd, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , |

Van der Waals moir’e materials have emerged as a highly controllable platform to study the electronic correlation phenomena. In particular, robust correlated insulating states have recently been discovered at both integer and fractional filling factors of the semiconductor moir’e systems. Here, we reveal the thermodynamic properties of these states by measuring the gate capacitance of MoSe2/WS2 moir’e superlattices. We observe a series of incompressible states for filling factor 0 – 8 and anomalously large capacitance (nearly 60% above the device’s geometrical capacitance) in the intervening compressible regions. The anomalously large capacitance is most pronounced at small filling factor, below the melting temperature of the charge-ordered states, and for small sample-gate separation. It is a manifestation of the device-geometry-dependent Coulomb interaction between electrons and phase mixing of the charge-ordered states. We have further extracted the thermodynamic gap of the correlated insulating states and the entropy of the capacitive device. The results not only establish capacitance as a powerful probe of the correlated states in semiconductor moir’e systems, but also demonstrate control of the extended Coulomb interaction in these materials via sample-gate coupling.

Published : "arXiv Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics".

Optical read-out of Coulomb staircases in a moir’e superlattice via trapped interlayer trions. (arXiv:2102.01358v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall])

2021-02-03T04:30:31+00:00February 3rd, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , , |

Moir’e patterns with a superlattice potential can be formed by vertically stacking two layered materials with a relative twist or lattice constant mismatch. The moir’e superlattice can generate flat bands that result in new correlated insulating, superconducting, and topological states. Strong electron correlations, tunable by the fractional filling, have been observed in both graphene and transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) based systems. In addition, in TMD based systems, the moir’e potential landscape can trap interlayer excitons (IX) at specific atomic registries. Here we report that spatially isolated trapped IX in a molybdenum diselenide/tungsten diselenide heterobilayer device provide a sensitive optical probe of carrier filling in their immediate environment. By mapping the spatial positions of individual trapped IX, we are able to spectrally track the emitters as the moir’e lattice is filled with excess carriers. Upon initial doping of the heterobilayer, neutral trapped IX form charged IX (IX trions) uniformly with a binding energy of ~7 meV. Upon further doping, the empty superlattice sites sequentially fill, creating a Coulomb staircase: stepwise changes in the IX trion emission energy due to Coulomb interactions with carriers at nearest neighbour moir’e sites. This non-invasive, highly local technique can complement transport and non-local optical sensing techniques to characterise Coulomb interaction energies, visualise charge correlated states, or probe local disorder in a moir’e superlattice.

Published : "arXiv Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics".

Second- and third-order optical susceptibilities in bidimensional semiconductors near excitons states. (arXiv:2101.10319v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall])

2021-01-26T04:30:21+00:00January 26th, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , |

Semiconducting Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) have significant nonlinear optical effects. In this work we have used second-harmonic generation (SHG) and the four-wave mixing (FWM) spectroscopy in resonance with the excitons in MoS2, MoSe2, and WS2 monolayers to characterize the nonlinear optical properties of these materials. We show that trions and excitons are responsible for enhancing the nonlinear optical response, and determine the exciton and trion energies by comparing with the photoluminescence spectra. Moreover, we extract the second and third order optical sheet susceptibility near exciton energies and compare with values found in the literature. We also demonstrate the ability to generate different nonlinear effects in a wide spectral range in the visible region for monolayer MoS2, opening the possibility of using two-dimensional materials for nonlinear optoelectronic and photonic applications.

Published : "arXiv Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics".

Material-Dependent Reaction Anisotropy in Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides. (arXiv:2101.02376v1 [physics.chem-ph])

2021-01-08T02:29:35+00:00January 8th, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , , , |

Anisotropic material properties of two-dimensional (2D) crystals are not only intriguing but also of potential use for many applications. In this work, we report the anisotropy of bond-breaking reactions is governed by the structural anisotropy and significantly material-dependent for 2D semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). The degree of the anisotropy that led to trigonal oxidation patterns was much higher in MoS2 and MoSe2 than WS2 and WSe2. Using optical second-harmonic generation spectroscopy, we establish crystal-facet-resolved kinetic measurements and show that the reactions proceed fastest (slowest) for chalcogen (metal)-terminated zigzag edges. Edge-specific reaction rates fed into kinetic Wulff construction also verified the material-dependent anisotropy. We also show that the reactions are initiated at substrate-mediated defects that are located on the bottom and top surfaces of 2D TMDs.

Published in: "arXiv Material Science".

The Structure and Dispersion of Exciton-Trion-Polaritons in Two-Dimensional Semiconductors. (arXiv:2101.02070v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall])

2021-01-07T04:30:37+00:00January 7th, 2021|Categories: Publications|Tags: , |

Coupling of excitons and photons in optical waveguides and cavities to realize polaritons has provided insights into light-matter interactions from the classical to the quantum regimes, generated new opportunities for engineering optical nonlinearities, and enabled novel technologies. Polaritons have also opened up new pathways to explore highly correlated many-body states of matter. In doped two-dimensional semiconductors, excitons and trions are not independent excitations but are strongly coupled as a result of Coulomb interactions. When excitons in such a material are also strongly coupled with light inside an optical waveguide, the resulting polariton states are coherent superpositions of exciton, trion, and photon states. We realize these exciton-trion-polaritons by coupling an electron-doped monolayer of two-dimensional material MoSe2 to the optical mode in a photonic crystal waveguide. The optical and Coulomb couplings among the excitons, trions, and photons result in three polariton bands. Our theoretical model, based on a many-body description of these polaritons, reproduces the measured polariton energy band dispersions and the energy splittings among the polariton bands with good accuracy. Our work not only sheds light on the nature of highly correlated many body exciton and trion states in doped semiconductors, but is also expected to open up new avenues for device technologies and for realizing optical nonlinearities

Published : "arXiv Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics".

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